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April 26, 2020 Internet of Things architecture scene Technical Analysis

Internet of things is a network composed of devices, so internet of things need two elements, one device can be connected, and the other is capable of networking.

  First, the substance of internet of things and associated equipment

Internet of things have to understand that the network was composed of associated equipment, so internet of things need two elements, one device can be connected, and the other is capable of networking. Internet of things often any connection with the concept of combining intelligent hardware, networking products today often form but also with the characteristics of the wireless connection (wired main drawbacks is that the wiring trouble). It is possible to support the Internet, networking, wireless three characteristics were associated equipment technology is the common Bluetooth and wifi. Bluetooth is a short-range communication through walls and poor; and wifi distance, can pass through the wall, but the power consumption is relatively high. In fact, ZigBee communication distance, power consumption is lower than the wifi than Bluetooth, it appears to be an ideal material linking technology, but relatively poor ZigBee networking capability, low bandwidth, slow transmission. ZigBee more used in industrial control.

Phone is indispensable to modern society, everyone’s products, Bluetooth and wifi are essential for mobile phone module, so the phone is the biggest of Internet of things smart devices. Further, since the people are the direct users of internet of things, so almost all of Internet of things solutions are mobile phone users around the start.

  Second, the evolution of IOT scene

  1. direct control handset Internet of things Device Architecture

Connect your phone and control was associated equipment is the basis of Internet of things technology, mobile phones and the first way is to control hardware devices connected to the client’s router, and mobile phones and hardware control devices can get a dynamic IP, so the phone can be socket communication control device to control the hardware. The second way is to control the hardware device with wifi AP hotspots, wifi client phone to connect AP, AP’s IP is fixed, so the phone can control the hardware device control.

This was just a general presentation of inline model, very little practical application. Because of its obvious shortcomings, we all know that socket communication need to know each other’s IP communications, so the APP need to fill in the IP control hardware devices on your phone. IP first approach is dynamic control through web page of the router (generally computer when connected browser and enter 192.168.1.1) obtained, which can not exist in a commercial application. The second approach also requires the phone APP enter a fixed IP, control different devices have different input IP, the user experience is not good. And this was associated with the remote no essential difference is not conducive to obtain user information. And obtain the user’s information and provide quality services is a core element of internet of things.

  2. Internet of things architecture based on independent real service

This was associated architecture is independent of the domain name server exists in the way, so you can directly address the problem of dynamic IP is not fixed. In addition, this handset IOT architecture and hardware control are required to register and login username way to access a standalone server by server hardware to ensure the phone and control equipment through online technology heartbeat. Phone and on the server hardware control opinion are ordinary objects associated equipment, they appear to have a unique user ID on the server, when the device was linked to a server, the server will get the IP address of the device where the user ID. The phone APP control hardware devices based on user ID as a basis for control, the first user ID sent to the server to get to the corresponding IP address. Follow-up can be controlled by the server, you can bypass the server directly.

Similar web interconnect architecture widespread Internet applications, such as QQ. Each phone with QQ account number and password to log in, log, QQ back-end server where the user will be informed of each phone’s IP address. QQ will be two to get the user to communicate through the account each other’s IP, and the next communication. These access details have been encapsulated in the client program QQ, QQ users do not need to bother. Communication may be through QQ server, the server is also possible to bypass the users. Such as text messages will be sent to the QQ server generally be filtered and then sent to the other party, and QQ video should be directly between the parties to communicate via IP.

The architecture in the field of IOT was once the mainstream of architecture, but also its inherent drawbacks constrain its development and growth. This architecture, the stand-alone server is typically controlled by hardware vendors selling the development and maintenance of the equipment, while it also requires the user to purchase the hardware device to provide mobile APP, to allow the user to remotely control the hardware. Such as child care camera, mobile phone manufacturers need to develop monitoring APP to the user to install and use. It is contemplated that each user buy one of such physical linking devices, you need to install a different APP. This directly affects the user experience. Users are generally reluctant to install a lot of phone APP, not only security can not be guaranteed when the phone is covered with control APP, Which device to find the corresponding APP to spend time. In addition, vendor-independent server is limited to its technical reserves and the operation and maintenance capabilities, it is difficult to support compatible third-party vendors were associated equipment.

  3. Internet of things unified architecture based on real service

By the second point, we naturally think, if there is a super-powerful male vendors to provide a uniform background service, recognized by the majority of users willing to use mobile phone users and the protocol was associated equipment manufacturers in accordance with the proposed unified back-office services for device production and access to a unified back-office services, and that the unified platform will become big internet of things possible.

The public micro-channel number and the micro-channel hardware platform thanks Tencent QQ large number of users, naturally carries the realization of this platform. Perfectly predictable, micro-channel will be the future of internet of things important support platform, and millet cell phones, smart home layout and related industries are also important networking platform support competitors. Formulation of integrated micro-channel protocol developed to allow different third-party hardware equipment company in the community and get access to a unique user ID, and millet is not only the development of a unified backend maintainer, and producers millet different hardware devices, both of which go the road is not the same. But the common thread is a background service is a unified, both companies are under the large body mass enterprise.

In the field of mobile Internet user base is very central element involves platform-related services, there is no large volume of business is difficult to quickly build, at most, only a difference in the vertical field. In fact, before the micro-channel intelligent hardware platforms emerge, some companies build a unified back-end services to third-party access to equipment manufacturers. But limited user support, these platforms have failed to familiar (perhaps I covered this knowledge is less, before there is a platform to find out about, then forget).

The central role of micro-channel public platform is to provide access to a variety of peripherals and assigned a unique device ID. Device ID assignment policy micro-channel intelligent hardware platforms including peripheral equipment manufacturers encoding and encodes two parts. Equipment manufacturers unified coding which is unique.

Phone peripheral manufacturers need to focus on the operation and maintenance of public micro-channel number, device control instruction message can be issued by the public number of pages. Control messages will be sent through the micro-channel public number of the server to peripheral vendor-independent operation and maintenance of the backend server sends a control message by the back-end server after making process to the peripheral, the message through the micro-channel public number of the server to the phone’s micro-channel client, while the micro-letter Bluetooth JSAPI call control terminal to control Bluetooth peripherals. Mobile micro-channel to control the peripherals you need to turn on Bluetooth and connect a Bluetooth peripherals. Connection protocol developed by the micro-channel hardware platform called airsys agreement.

Micro-channel public platform is an open platform that supports third-party service access, while providing micro-channel payment, client interface, user management interfaces for third-party services such as the nine calls. No micro-channel public support developer mode, open access to third-party services as soon as possible. The so-called micro-channel to develop business logic that is developed based interfaces in the call micro-channel available on the supported languages ​​php, asp and so on. How to build third-party server and how to develop micro-channel interfaces described in another paper again. Bluetooth and wifi since the power difference, the micro-channel interconnect architectures are different, the technology in the future will share detailed comparison.

  Three, native APP & light APP

In the second structure, you need to install the phone to control the peripheral peripheral manufacturers to develop APP, native APP (native APP); and in the third architecture, mobile control peripherals only need to focus on the micro-channel operation and maintenance of public peripherals manufacturers No, the mobile phone micro-channel native APP, and each peripheral vendor service through the micro-channel public number provided in the application referred to light (light APP). WeChat is the preferred APP smart phone, large amount of users, so internet of things together unified platform based on micro letter backstage and services is an important support for the future of internet of things.

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